CoCalc Guides

A CoCalc-AI field guide for computational notebooks

CoCalc Jupyter Notebooks

CoCalc keeps the familiar Jupyter notebook shape, then adds durable execution, realtime collaboration, TimeTravel, Codex access to live notebook state, scalable rendering, widgets, whiteboards, and course workflows.

Illustrated CoCalc Jupyter notebook workspace with collaborators, Codex, TimeTravel, widgets, and backend run state

A notebook is usually the most important document in a computational project. It contains the experiment, the explanation, the plots, the false starts, and the result someone needs to trust.

CoCalc-AI treats that notebook as shared project infrastructure, not just a browser widget. The browser is a view into backend notebook state. That one design choice changes how safe it feels to run code, collaborate, ask Codex for help, and come back to work later.

01

Run a cell, then leave

In a conventional JupyterLab session, browser state matters more than it should. In CoCalc, the notebook run is owned by the backend. Start a cell, close the tab, refresh the browser, or reconnect from another machine: output continues to be captured.

That is especially valuable for real research notebooks, where a cell may fetch data, fit a model, render a plot, or run for longer than your attention span.

Illustration of a Jupyter cell that keeps running on the backend after the browser tab closes
02

Work in the same notebook at the same time

CoCalc notebooks are realtime collaborative documents. Multiple users can edit cells, watch execution, discuss output, and see changes without passing files around.

Markdown cells are not second-class text blobs. You can edit them with a WYSIWYG experience between code cells, which makes notebooks feel more like readable documents and less like alternating boxes of raw syntax.

Illustration of collaborators editing code and WYSIWYG markdown cells in one shared notebook
03

Use TimeTravel instead of memory

CoCalc records notebook history at high resolution as you type, with authorship attached to changes. TimeTravel is lightweight enough to be ordinary, but useful enough to recover the moment before a bad edit, compare what changed, or explain how a result evolved.

Notebook TimeTravel stores the document history long term without trimming away old revisions. For outputs, the history focuses on the final output state instead of bloating the record with every transient streaming step.

Illustration of a TimeTravel timeline for notebook edits with attributed revisions and final output
04

Let Codex use the live notebook

A notebook on disk is not always the notebook you are using. CoCalc gives Codex a project-scoped notebook API through cocalc project jupyter, so the agent can inspect cells, insert or move cells, run selected code, and read output from the live notebook state.

cocalc project jupyter cells --path analysis.ipynb
cocalc project jupyter run --path analysis.ipynb --cell-index 3
cocalc project jupyter exec --path analysis.ipynb --stdin

That makes notebook help much more concrete. Codex can fix a traceback, add a verification cell, rerun just the relevant code, and report what changed without pretending that raw .ipynb JSON is the source of truth.

Illustration of Codex using cocalc project jupyter to operate on live notebook cells and output
05

Open notebooks that would normally feel heavy

Large notebooks are common: lecture notes, exploratory research, simulation logs, homework solutions, and data science reports. CoCalc renders notebook content efficiently by focusing work on what is visible as you scroll.

The result is practical rather than flashy: big notebooks stay navigable, long outputs are controlled, and the interface remains close enough to standard Jupyter conventions that users do not have to relearn the document.

Illustration of a large Jupyter notebook where visible cells render while offscreen cells wait

Keep the Jupyter ecosystem, add CoCalc infrastructure

1 Widgets

ipywidgets and standard visualization libraries belong in the notebook, with collaborative state carried through CoCalc.

2 Courses

nbgrader support connects notebooks to assignment and grading workflows.

3 Kernels

Use the kernels and packages installed in the project environment.

4 Publishing

The same notebook can be a working document, a course artifact, or a public viewer target.

06

Use a whiteboard when linear cells are not enough

Some computational ideas are graphs, not lists. CoCalc's whiteboard can hold Jupyter cells as nodes in a directed graph, then run them in order. That is a natural fit for workflows, dependency diagrams, computational pipelines, and teaching examples where the structure matters as much as the code.

It is still CoCalc: collaborators can work on the same board, Codex can reason about the project around it, and outputs remain part of a shared workspace instead of a private local session.

Illustration of Jupyter cells arranged as nodes in a directed CoCalc whiteboard graph

CoCalc's notebook goal is not to replace the Jupyter mental model. It is to make that model safer for serious work: durable when the browser disappears, collaborative when people work together, historical when changes matter, and accessible to agents through the same live state users actually see.